ENV 101NOTESWaterWaste

ENV 101

Energy, Water and Waste – Media and Cross Media Issues

Admin

· CUMULATIVE FINAL EXAM –In Less Than Two Weeks

– Wednesday 16 May 1:00PM In This Room

· WHAT’S NEW AND GROOVY IN ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES?

Our themes

ETHICS and THE ARTS

THE NATURAL SCIENCES

THE SOCIAL SCIENCES

ETHICS – SCIENCE - POLICY

The ES Test’s Themes

STEWARDSHIP

SOUND SCIENCE

SUSTAINABILITY

Creating Environmental Policy Choices –

· incorporating Stewardship and Ecocentric Ideals

· With Economic and Anthropogenic Realities

· To Make Sustainable Development choices to keep the planet we know intact for future generations, or at least make choices now to minimize the concerns because we want to…not b/c soon we will HAVE to…

Energy

Water

Waste

· Nonrenewable world and the need(s) driving greater renewable policy choices.

· Types of Energy Sources

· Energy Policy Focus

· Supply

· Processing/Refining

· Demand

· Environmental Factors

· Nonenvironmental (Social Science) factor

· CHOICE BY:

· Individual

· Society/Nation

· The Planet

· HARD PATHS AND SOFT PATHS

· http://eed.llnl.gov/flow/

· Single Media and Cross Media Issues

o Ethically

o Scientifically

o Socially

· Types of Water

· Pollution & Management

· Eutrophication!

· Oligotrophic J

· Eutrophic L!

· CWA

· NPDES

· BMP

· TMDL

· MSW (481)

· Single Media and Cross Media Issues

o Ethically

o Scientifically

o Socially

· Types of Waste

· Pollution & Management

· MSW

· RCRA

· Burn, Store, Reuse

· P. 505RCRA

· NIMBY

· Affluenza (p. 508)

· HAZMAT (p. 515

· Single v Mixed Hazmat

· TRI and EPCRS (516)

· POP (519)

· SDWA and UST/LUST

· HHW

· EJ – Dumping in Dixie

U.S. Energy Flow 1999 (quads)

ALTERNATIVE FUELS VEHICLES J

Energy Demand and CA

Geopolitical Issues - OPEC SaddamL 112 bil bbls of ilo (#2)

Cultural Issues - American Independence

Environmental Issues - Energy Choices Supply Side v. Demand Side Management

LEED and Green Power

TVA - Norris Dam, Watts Bar and Browns Ferry and Sequoyah

“Green” Marketing of Electric Power – TVA’s Green Power

Source: http://www.sustainablemeasures.com

Sustainable Cities

Traditional v. Sustainable Indicators Sustainability Indicator Checklist Universal Living Wage Formula

WATER

Source:

http://www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange2/current/lectures/freshwater_supply/freshwater.html

The Water Resources of Earth

Over 70% of our Earth's surface is covered by water ( we should really call our planet "Ocean" instead of "Earth"). Although water is seemingly abundant, the real issue is the amount of fresh water available.

· 97.5% of all water on Earth is salt water, leaving only 2.5% as fresh water

· Nearly 70% of that fresh water is frozen in the icecaps of Antarctica and Greenland; most of the remainder is present as soil moisture, or lies in deep underground aquifers as groundwater not accessible to human use.

· < 1% of the world's fresh water (~0.007% of all water on earth) is accessible for direct human uses. This is the water found in lakes, rivers, reservoirs and those underground sources that are shallow enough to be tapped at an affordable cost. Only this amount is regularly renewed by rain and snowfall, and is therefore available on a sustainable basis.

· Single Media and Cross Media Issues

o Ethically

o Scientifically

o Social Pollution and Management

ANY MEDIA

USE	POLLUTION
NATURAL CYCLE	ANTHROPOCENTRIC IMPACTS
DEMAND SIDE	SUPPLY SIDE

Ingredients that water environments need to be healthy, or to have just natural eutrophication (The Amazon)…OR to minimize cultural eutrophication (The Tennessee River or the MS Delta)?

http://www.naturegrid.org.uk/rivers/gt%20stour%20case%20study-pages/gtst-gloss.html

Light

Oxygen (DO)

Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)

Turbidity

- Above 1.0 NTU (nephelometric turbidity units)

Nutrients and Limiting Nutrients

Limiters

– Phosphorous in Fresh & Nitrogen in Marine

Salinity

http://waterontheweb.org/under/waterquality/oxygen.html

Natural Impacts

Cultural (Human) Impacts

We want a balanced level of SAVs – submerged aquatic vegetation

POINT v. NONPOINT Issues

DO and BOD link – Water needs oxygen

(Not water, organisms in water)

O2 gas dissolving into water=Dissolved Oxygen

A Good Range – (Control) 8-14 or 7-11 milligrams of Dissolved Oxygen per Liter à à 11mg DO/L

HOW DOES RECOVERY OCCUR OF CULTURAL DAMAGE OF WATER RESOURCES?

US Ground Water

Aquifers and Water Quality

Non Pelagic but Neritic Water Resources – Marine (Saltwater), Estuaries, Freshwater, Watersheds, Aquifers, Rivers, Lakes, Wetlands, Streams, Oceans.

HOW CAN WATER BE IMPROVED?

· The CWA and NPDES

· Groundwater diversion and management

· Primary, Secondary and Tertiary(?) BMPs to control TMDL

· Leach Fields

· Wells!!

· Organic “Pottys”

WASTE

http://www.epa.gov/msw/facts.htm