13 October

Public Policy

International Crime Policy, The Policy Process and Rights and Liberties in American ublic Policy

Administrative Items for Class

 

CNN Recall Info

THE PUBLIC POLICY TOOLKIT

CRIME POLICY – Criminal Justice

ACTORS - The Bulls Eye CORE - GATEKEEPERS - USERS - ENVIRONMENT

TYPES OF POLICY OUTCOMES - Deterrence Measures

TYPES OF DATA USED - Statistics, Graphic, Textual

SUBISSUES - Drugs, Prisons, Organized Crime

FEDERALISM

INTERNATIONAL ISSUES - International Law

SPECIFC SUBISSUES - Women's Issues (CEDAW, VAWA, Policies Aiding Women)

USING THE TOOLKIT TO UNDERSTAND NEW POLICIES OR TO HANDLE LOTS OF INFORMATION/PERSPECTIVES ABOUT A POLICY...(Women and Crime, Cyber Crime....)

CYBER CRIME

 

 

 

 

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TODAY - WHEN DO YOU DECIDE TO IMPACT POLICY...AT WHAT POINT IN THE POLICY PROCESS?...

THE POLICY PROCESS - "Juggling Balls in the Air"

  1. Problem Identification

  2. Agenda Setting

  3. Policy Formulation

  4. Policy Legitimation

  5. Policy Implementation

  6. Policy Evaluation

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CIVIL RIGHTS POLICY
Elite and Mass Modeling in Action 
 
 Civil Liberty (Liberties):  Freedom from undue government interference or restraint.  Individual Rights.
Civil Right(s):  Positive acts of government intended to guarantee each person is treated as an equal member of (and has a right to equal opportunities in) a society.  Defining boundaries between personal liberty and the authority of government. 
HOW DOES RACE IMPACT AMERICA - and AMERICA's IMPACT on RACE?

SPLC Map

 

 

 

 

 

 

 WRESTLING WITH CIVIL RIGHTS AND LIBERTIES

When do "them" become "us"?

Bill of Rights and blending of those rights into ALL of society 

“New” and “Old” Minorities in Need of Rights Action

Dealing with the "ISMS" of Discrimination

Racism, Sexism, Ageism...

HISTORY AND CIVIL RIGHTS

Agenda Setting?

14th and Incorporation

Brown I and Brown II

Fighting Tradition – Little Rock and Selma

Personal Rights Civil Rights Act – 1964

Fiscal Federalism and Economic Rights

Redlining and Civil Rights Act - 1968

Focused Implementation – Swann – 1971

THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT   - Taylor Branch and Timeline

Montgomery and Rosa Parks

MLKJr. and Washington 1963

Equal Opportunity and then Affirmative Action:  Programs to overcome the effects of past societal discrimination by allocating jobs and resources to members of specific groups, such as minorities and women

Bakke – 1978

In 1978, the life expectancy of a black child was five years shorter than that of a white child. Today it is six years shorter.

• Twenty-five years ago, a black child's mother was three times as likely to die of complications during childbirth as a white mother. Today (2003) she is 3-1/2 times as likely to die during childbirth.

• The infant mortality rate for blacks was twice that for whites. Today it is slightly more than twice.

• In 1978, four times as many black families lived with incomes below the poverty line as white families. Today, that ratio remains unchanged.

• For black adults, the unemployment rate was twice that of whites, and for black teens it was three times. Today, both statistics remain unchanged.

• The median income of a black family in 1978 was 60 percent of the median income of a white family. Today, it is 66 percent of white-family income.

• In 1978, blacks represented 11.5 percent of the population, but they were only 1.2 percent of the lawyers and judges, 2 percent of the physicians, 2.3 percent of the dentists, 1.1 percent of the engineers, and 2.6 percent of college and university professors. Today, blacks represent 12.3 percent of the population, and are 5.1 percent of the lawyers and judges, 5.6 percent of physicians, 4.1 percent of dentists, 5.5 percent of engineers, and 6.1 percent of college and university professors.  http://www.csmonitor.com/2003/0328/p01s01-usju.html

Richmond v. Crossen – 1989

University Diversity

There, the court invalidated the U.C. Davis Medical School's admission program -- under which 16 out of 100 seats in the entering class were reserved for members of designated racial and ethnic minority groups. But it also reversed an injunction by the California Supreme Court that had barred all use of race in university admissions.

Bakke's Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) scores placed him in the top tier of test-takers, whereas the average scores of the quota beneficiaries in 1974 placed them in the bottom third. Likewise, his science grade point average was 3.44 on a 4.0 scale, compared with a 2.42 average for the special admittees, and his overall GPA was similarly superior.     http://www.umich.edu/~urel/admissions/statements/liu.html

  College GPA MCAT verbal score MCAT quantitative score MCAT science score MCAT general information score
Allan Bakke's 1973 scores: 3.46 96th percentile 94th percentile 97th percentile 72nd percentile
Average "diversity" student's scores: 2.88 46th percentile 24th percentile 35th percentile 33rd perce

http://www.adversity.net/FRAMES/Editorials/48_PatrickChavis.htm 

That led to an important question: If universities could not set aside specific seats for minorities as U.C. Davis had done, in what ways could they use race in admissions?  http://www.cnn.com/2003/LAW/06/25/findlaw.analysis.dorf.affirmative/

Grutter v. Bollinger and Gratz v. Bollinger

June 2003 -The Supreme Court handed down its decisions in Grutter v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. ___ (2003) and Gratz v. Bollinger, 539 U.S.___ (2003).  In Grutter, the Court held that the University of Michigan ’s use of race among other factors in its law school admissions program was constitutional because the program furthered a compelling interest in obtaining “an educational benefit that flows from student body diversity”. The Court also found that the law school’s program was narrowly tailored; it was flexible, and provided for a “holistic” review of each applicant. In Gratz, the Court rejected the undergraduate admissions program at the College of Literature , Science and the Arts, which granted points based on race and ethnicity and did not provide for a review of each applicant’s entire file.

US Commission on Civil Rights

Banned Books List

World Human Rights

TERRORISM AND JUSTICE IN AMERICA

“Cyberterrorism is the premeditated, politically motivated attack against information, computer systems, computer programs, and data which result in violence against noncombatant targets by sub national groups or clandestine agents.”  M

ark M. Pollitt,  FBI Laboratory

The Patriot Act - McCarthyism II or Fighting Against Terrorists?

"Gitmo" Prisoners Status     UPI    and  CS Monitor

 

 

 

 

HOW DID THIS HAPPEN?

What examples of contexts, or models, or cause and effect, or process stages have you found in the chapters assigned to date in this book?

 

 

  How can criminal justice policy be improved?

A QUESTION:

WHAT PART OF THE POLICY PROCESS IS THE LEAST IMPORTANT - WHAT PART CAN WE TAKE AWAY AND STILL HAVE A SOUND PROCESS?

AN EXERCISE:

1.  FIND YOUR INTERNATIONAL CRIME WEB SITE - show us

2.  FIND A CIVIL RIGHTS or CIVIL LIBERTIES WEB SITE- show us

3.  Determine what part of the policy process this web site (group) is most focused on in their work.   (Ex US Senate Judiciary Committee - Formulation/Legitimation)